Glossary of Spanish Property Terms

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AJD (Actos Jurídicos Documentados)

Stamp duty payable on the deed when buying a new build from a developer, set by the regional government.

Aval bancario

Bank guarantee. For off-plan purchases, payments before completion must be covered by a bank guarantee or insurance policy.

Catastro

The Spanish land and property cadastre, which records the physical description and cadastral value of each property.

Comunidad de propietarios

The owners’ community of a development, which manages and pays for communal areas through community fees.

Contrato de reserva

Reservation agreement that takes a unit off the market against a deposit.

Contrato privado de compraventa

Private purchase contract signed after reservation, setting price, payment schedule, completion date and specifications.

Escritura pública

The public deed of sale signed before a notary at completion.

IBI (Impuesto sobre Bienes Inmuebles)

Annual municipal property tax.

ITP (Impuesto de Transmisiones Patrimoniales)

Transfer tax on resale (second-hand) properties. Not payable on a new build bought from the developer, which pays VAT instead.

IVA

Spanish VAT. Applies to new builds bought from a developer (10% on residential property).

Licencia de primera ocupación

First-occupation licence (or the equivalent declaration) confirming a completed building can be lived in.

NIE

Número de Identidad de Extranjero – the identification number foreigners need to buy property in Spain.

Nota simple

An extract from the Land Registry showing the owner and any charges registered against a property.

Notario

Notary – a public official who formalises the deed of sale.

Plusvalía municipal

Municipal tax on the increase in land value, normally paid by the seller.

Registro de la Propiedad

Land Registry, where ownership and charges are recorded.